Diarrhea and dysentery are common during summer months. There are certain sanitation measures that we can adopt to avoid suffering from diarrheal infection. Certain easy home remedies can also help prevent diarrhea and cure it too.

Diarrhea is a condition characterized by loose and watery stools. Diarrhea often means more frequent trips to the toilet and a greater volume of stool. A person with diarrhea typically passes stool more than 3 times a day. Diarrhea may cause a loss of significant amount of water and salts. Acute diarrhea is a common problem that usually lasts for 1or 2 days, and resolves itself without any treatment. Chronic diarrhea, on the other hand, generally lasts longer than 2 weeks. It can be a sign of a serious disorder, such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) or Irritable Bowel syndrome (IBS). Chronic or recurrent diarrhea may cause poor absorption of nutrients (malabsorption).

Dysentery is a disease caused by parasites like amoeba or bacteria like shigella. It is characterized by diarrhea with mucus and blood. Although dysentery is a relatively easy disease to cure, death rates are high, particularly among children.

Causes

There are many causes of diarrhea. Fortunately, in most instances, the change in bowel habits is short-lived and clears up on its own. The following are some of the many known causes:

· Food most people have diarrhea because of certain foods, like milk & milk product, or large amounts of fatty foods.

· Chemical Laxatives-Many people become dependent on laxatives like magnesium (Epsom salt), cascara (Nature’s Remedy) and phenolphthalein (Exlax, Correctol) early in life and use them on a daily basis. This chronic dependency can also cause diarrhea.

· Reaction to Medicines-In particular, antibiotics and cancer drugs are known to cause diarrhea.

· Infection-There are over 400 different bacteria that normally live in the large intestine. There are also many viruses and other infectious agents that find their way into our bodies. Some of these can infect the intestinal tract and cause diarrhea. Fortunately, most of the time, these infections clear up without any treatment.

· Traveler’s Diarrhea-The cause of traveler’s diarrhea is a toxic bacterium called E. Coli. It most often occurs in developing countries where sanitation is not good. The physician should be contacted before traveling to these countries to obtain more information on prevention and treatment.

· Diseases-Certain intestinal disorders like ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, diverticulosis, and even colon cancer can cause diarrhea.

· Stress and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)-IBS is a problem that occurs when the intestines, especially the colon do not contract in a smooth, rhythmic manner. The contractions can be exaggerated in which case diarrhea occurs, or they may be sluggish and result in constipation. Sometimes there is alternative constipation and diarrhea. Emotional stress often aggravates these symptoms.

Symptoms

· Frequent, loose, watery stools

· Abdominal cramps

· Abdominal pain

· Fever

· Blood in the stool

· Bloating

In addition, other signs and symptoms such as nausea and vomiting may precede diarrhea. Bacterial or parasitic infections sometimes cause bloody stools, possibly accompanied with fever.

Diagnosis

Medical history, symptoms and physical examination are usually sufficient to diagnose diarrhea. Your physician may advise tests like:

· Stool culture-A sample of the stool is analyzed in a laboratory to check for bacteria, parasites, or other signs of disease and infection.

· Blood tests-Blood tests are helpful to rule out certain diseases.

· Fasting tests-To find out if a food intolerance or allergy is causing the diarrhea, the doctor may ask you to avoid lactose, carbohydrates, wheat, or other foods, to see whether the diarrhea responds to a change in diet.

· Sigmodoscopy-For this test, the doctor uses a special instrument to look at the inside of the rectum and lower part of the colon.

· Colonscopy-This test is similar to a sigmoidoscopy, but it allows the doctor to view the entire colon.

· Imaging tests-These tests can rule out structural abnormalities as being the cause of diarrhea.

Treatment

The body needs adequate levels of salts, electrolytes, and minerals such as sodium and potassium, in order to maintain the electric currents that keep the heart beating. Depletion of the body’s fluid and mineral levels creates an electrolyte imbalance. Unless restored by replacing fluids and drinking an electrolyte mixture, this imbalance can become a serious problem.

Conventional System

Diarrhea caused by an infection can often be treated with antibiotics may benefits some adults with diarrhea. Diarrhea that is not caused by an infection is more difficult to diagnose and treat.

Long-term medication or surgery may be required in chronic cases of diarrhea. If you have severe diarrhea, especially if you are dehydrated, you may require hospitalization to receive IV fluids and to be observed.

Your physician may recommend using over-the-counter antidiarrheal medications such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol). They may help some people with diarrhea but should be by-and-large avoided due to their side-effects. Antidiarrheal medications are not usually recommended for infants and children.

Tips

Poor sanitation can contribute to conditions which may result in diarrhea and dysentery. Remember, however, that intestinal diseases are usually spread through contact with infectious organisms which can be spread in human waste, by flies and other insects, or in improperly prepared or disinfected food and water supplies.

Boiling is the most certain way of killing all microorganisms. Water temperatures above 160 F (70 C) kill all pathogens within 30 minutes and above185 F (85 C) within a few minutes. So in the time it takes for the water to reach the boiling point (212 F or 100 C) from 160F (70 C), all pathogens will be killed, even at high altitude.

General chemical treatments: There are two types of chemical treatment: those using iodine and those using chlorine. There are a variety of products on the market, so follow the directions on the bottle. Be advised that many of the tablets have an expiration date and become ineffective after that point. Also, once the bottle has been opened, the tablets must be used within a certain period. Remember that chemical purification methods may only be partially effective, depending on the water temperature.

· The effectiveness of all chemical treatment of water is related to the temperature, pH level, and clarity of the water. Cloudy water often requires higher concentrations of chemical to disinfect.

· If the water is cloudy or filled with large particles, strain it, using a cloth, before treatment. Large particles, if swallowed, may be purified only “on the outside.”

· Add the chemical to the water and swish it around to aid in dissolving. Splash some of the water with the chemical on to the lid and the threads of the water bottle so that all water areas are treated.

· The water should sit for at least 30 minutes after adding the chemical to allow purification to occur. If using tablets, let the water sit for 30 minutes after the tablet has dissolved.

· The colder the water, the less effective the chemical is as a purifying agent. Research has shown that at 50 F (10 C), only 90 percent of Giardia cysts were inactivated after 30 minutes of exposure. If the water temperature is below 40 F (4 C), double the treatment time before drinking. It is best if water is at least 60 F (16 C) before treating. You can place the water in the sun to warm it before treating.

· Chemically treated water can be made to taste better by pouring it back and forth between containers, after it has been adequately treated. Other methods include adding a pinch of salt per quart or adding flavorings (e.g., Lemonade mix, etc.) after the chemical treatment period.

Iodine Treatment: Iodine is light sensitive and must always be stored in a dark bottle. It works best if the water is over 68 F (21 C). Iodine has been shown to be more effect than chlorine-based treatments in inactivating Giardia cysts. Be aware that some people are allergic to iodine and cannot use it as a form of water purification. Persons with thyroid problems or on lithum, women over fifty, and pregnant women should consult their physician prior to using iodine for purification. Also, some people who are allergic to shellfish are also allergic to iodine. If someone cannot use iodine, use either a chlorine-based product or a non-iodine-based filter, such as the PUR Hiker Microfilter, MSR Water Works, or the Katadyn Water Filter.

Generally, the procedure is as follows:

· Liquid 2% Tincture of Iodine

Add 5 drops per quart when the water is clear. Add 10 drops per quart when the water is cloudy.

· Polar Pure Iodine Crystals Fill the Polar Pure bottle with water and shake. The solution will be ready for use in one hour. Add the number of capfuls (per quart of water treated) listed on the bottle, based on the temperature of the iodine solution. The particle trap prevents crystals from getting into the water being treated. It is important to note that you are using the iodine solution to treat the water, not the iodine crystals. The concentration of iodine in a crystal is poisonous and can burn tissue or eyes. Let the treated water stand for 30 minutes before drinking. In order to destroy Giardia cysts, the drinking water must be at least 68 F (20 C). The water can be warmed in the sun before treating or hot water can be added. Refill the treatment bottle after use so that the solution will be ready one hour later. Crystals in the bottle make enough solution to treat about 2,000 quarts. Discard the bottle when empty.

· Potable Aqua This is an iodine tablets product. Follow the manufacture’s instructions for use.

· Chlorine Treatment: Chlorine can be used for persons with iodine allergies or restrictions. Remember that water temperature, sediment level, and contact time are all elements in killing microorganisms in the water.

· Do Not buy food, drinks, or ice from civilian vendors unless approved by medical personnel

· Wash your hands everytime after using the latrine or before touching food

· Food waste should be disposed of property (covered container, plastic bags or buried) to prevent flies from using it as a breeding area.

· Diet: Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. You may use oral- rehydration solutions which are available at any drug store.

· Avoid drinking alcohol and caffeine.

· Have a semisolid and low-fiber diet like crackers, toast, eggs, rice and chicken.

· Avoid certain foods, like dairy products, fatty foods, high-fiber foods or highly seasoned foods for a few days.

· Do not eat food from street-vendors.

Home Remedies

Below are useful home remedies for dysentry which are very effective and gives quick relief.

· Consumption of carrot juice stops dysentry immediately, provides sufficient energy and helps in maintaining body fluids.

· Prepare lemon juice in warm water and add pinch of salt to it, consumption of this juice stops dysentry and lemon provides sufficient energy.

· Consumption of curd is very much recommended during this condition.

· Consumption of guava is very good for the patient, this fruit helps in reducing frequent stool passage.

· Boil raw papaya in water and then consume it, this helps in immediate stoppage of loose motions.

· Apply ginger juice over belly, this helps in getting quick relief from loose motions.

· Create paste of ash of green cardamom leaves with honey and consume it, this helps in getting quick relief from dysentry or diarrhea.

· Consumption of black grape, orange, sweet lime or sweet orange and pomegranate helps in maintaining body fluids and gives sufficient energy with presence of vitamin C.

Ayurvedic treatment

Major cause of Atisar (diarrhea) is Agnimandya, which leads to incomplete digestion and subsequent irritation of gut and dysfunction. Quite often whenever a patient gets diarrhea, anti diarrheal medicines are started to bring it to halt, but this also prevents the toxins causing diarrhea from leaving the gut. This is dangerous. Ample amount of fluid should be given to replace the electrolyte loss, but body should be allowed to dispal toxins, unless of course when the diarrhea is too severe or infants and old aged men/women affected. Langhana (fasting) is ideal at the commencement of the disease/ disorder. The patient who is suffering from pain in the abdomen, flatulence and excess of salivation should be induced to vomit by using Ayurveda medicine. When the doshas have given rise to flatulence, heaviness, pain and loss of movement of the abdomen then the use of pranada (Haritaki) restores the bodily functions, by clearing out the obstructed doshas, effectively. Nutmeg powder rolled into jiggery and ghee make an excellent home remedy. Drink water medicated with ginger and black salt.

One quarter spoon of kutuj or ativisha powder with honey also control diarrhea.

When the doshas are slightly increased, fasting is indicated. Water well cooked with either vacha or prativisha, musta and parpata or harad and nagara should be given to drink.

When weak hunger is felt patient should be given light foods, in little quantity, at the proper time; that undergoes digestion quickly and bestows taste, strength of digestive fire (digestive juices & enzymes) and of the body in general.

Commonly used Medicinal Ayurveda products

Decoction: Vatsakadi Kwath, Pathyadi kwath

Churna: Tryushanadi churn, Shunthayadi churn, Narayan churn

Avleh: Kutajavaleha

Bhasma:Kapardic, Shankha bhasma

Rasa: Agastisutaraj Rasa, Kanasunder Rasa, Karpur Rasa, Piyushvalli Ras, Shankhodar

Vati: Kutaj Ghan Vati, Jatiphaladi Vati

Parpati: Panchamrut Parpati, Vijay Parpati, Rasa Parpati

Arishtha: Kutajarishth, Baboolarishtha, Mustakarishtha

Ayueved and all

Cardiology as a specialized branch of modern medicine is comparatively a recent innovation.  The ancient scholar, Susruta was the first surgeon who studies the anatomical. Aspects of hrudaya many centuries back and who described. It as an organ in the shape of inverted lotus. The article below given the ayurvedic  perspective of treating heart diseases.

Our ancient scholars described heart as Hrudaya. `Hru` means to bring back forcibly. `Daya` means to need. Our body including heart is composed of approximately 6000 Billion cells of various structures. Their life is maintained by nutrients and oxygen. Our heart pumps a vehicle that is blood which gives these lying substances at its own level of each cell and that brings back the total waste products for each cell and eliminated  through lungs, liver and kidneys. This total network consists of 60000 miles throughout the body connected with a lot of blood vessels.  This heart is “Chetanatmaka“ which means it maintains every moment of human body a minute to the maximum. Heart is though a little larger than your first it originates the endless emotions, ceanful thoughts, mountains like desires and  all your moments at cellular level or organic level. Do you know by any  reason it  stops less than a minute that causes death. As from  sixth month of embryotic  life till your last  moments it  never haults even a second . It is a fact that today heart disease has reached  epidemic proportions and it is now leading  cause of death through out the world. It is estimated that nearly half of this country will die prematurely because of this disease. Modern medicine works on relatively surfacial levels.

Because modern cardiology focuses on fixing or replacing the parts of a person such as dieases arteries, valves instead of reversing the imbalance of the root of the disease. The conventional medicine approach to the heart disease treats you as a collection  of tubes and valves albeit highly sophisticated collection  with switches and feedback mechanism but ignores you as a whole person. Ayurveda, the great Indian medical  science defines Heart as `Hrudaya` an organ which graps and controls. The ancient scripture like Veda, Upanishads,Mantra-Pishpa etc. recognized the  importance of the heart  and  human body. Studies of ancient scholars:- Cardiology as a specialized branch of modern medicine is comparatively a recent innovation. The ancient scholar, Susruta was the first surgeon who studies the anatomical aspects of  hrudaya many centuries back and who described it as an  organ in the shape of inverted lotus. He also located its place to be in the thorax, in between  the breasts and  described it as chethana  sthana ( Place for  all movements). It is seat for the all activities of mind and body. According to Charaka, the heart  starts  functioning in the third Foetal  month and heart  sounds are recorded by the forth foetal month. They have described various diseases of the heart  some 5000 years ago and treated them. The word Hrudaya is synonym for the heart. Embryologically , it originates from the essence of blood  and kapha tissues and develops into a muscular organ.

The endocardium ( Innermost layer of the Heart) is derived  from mamsa  and pericardium is  derived fpr meta (fatty and connective tissue). It has own  inherent rhythm for contraction  and relaxation. The automatic  nervous  system (Vyana vayu) also  controls it srhytmicity. Ayurveda described eight basic elements of the heart . These elements bear marked resemblance to modern  concepts such as enzymes, plasmas, Chronobiology. The eight basic  elements;-1. Rasa: it is a fluid  in the body derived from diet. Food after digestion and  absorption is converted into rasa. The heart pumps rasa along with Raktha thus nourishment, growth and development  of  tissues and organs depends upon rasa.

2. Raktha: it means red blood corpuscles. Raktha  is derived from  rasa and  carries oxygen  to all the tissues .   OJA :The heart is seat of this vital fluid . The nutrients in rasa which cannot be directly utilized but the tissues are modified by the liver and converted into  OJA. Oja supplies energy to disturbances of the internal mileu gave rise to different diseases of the cardiovascular system. A few example will suffice.

Disturbance of Rasa. : Vitiation of Rasa (Rasadushti); digestive disturbances, electrolyte Disturbance, hyper cholesterolaemia. Increase in Rasa (Rasavridhi):

Hypertension, congestive  cardiac failure. Decrease in Rasa (Rasa kshaya): dehydration, shock. Disturbances of Raktha: Raktha dushti: Cyanosis, splenomegaly, bleeding disorder, Methahaemoglobia.

Raktha vridhi: hypertension, congestive cardiac failure. Raktha kshaya: Anaemia, heart failure due to chronic anemia. Disturbances of oia:

Oja  vyapat: excess sleep, drowsiness, wasting, and  heaviness of the body. Oja visramsa: loss of skill, exhaustion and looseness of joints.
Oja kshaya: weakness, exhaustion, constant worry, fear, fainting and delirium.
Disturbances of muscle: Mans adushti: atrophy tumour, oedema, cardiomegaly, cardiac hypertrophy and poor pumping as in congestive cardiac failure.
Disturbances of oxygen: Hunger,  exertion, tissue wasting can affect the passages carrying oxygen  and  result in difficulty in  breathing, cough hiccup, clouding  of consciousness. Blocking of the passage of oxygen in the coronary artery result in heart attacks.

Disturbances of vyana vayu: It results in disturbance of forc and rhythm of heart. Valvular disorders are also encountered as movements of valves are regulated by vyana vayu. Abnormal vyana vayu can result in spasm of the coronary arteries leading to angina pectoris.

Disturbances of sudhaka pitta: It leads to weak function and failure of the heart.

Disturbances of Avalambaka kappa:
It leads to disorders like pericardial effusion pulmonary oedema etc.In addition to these basic elements, Ayurveda also stressed that natural urges and` various tastes` influence the function of the heart indirectly through  their effect on  VATA, PITTA  AND  KAPHA (called TRIDOSHAS).

Natural urges: Flatulence, belching, defecation, micturition, thirst, cough, sexual urge etc. are controlled by vata.

Suppression or artificial induction of these urges leads to disturbances of  the  autonomic nervous system  and can also  lead to symptoms like pain, compression  or even result  in disease.

Various tastes: Sweet items (madhura) increase kapha and  decrease pitta. Salty

(Lavana) and amia  (sour) items increase pitta  and  kappa  and decrease vata.

Pungent  (tikta) items increase vata and pitta and decrease kappa .

Bitter (kadu)  and  astringent (kashaya) items  increase vata  and decrease kappaand pitta.  This is  because they are derived from corresponding biological  elements. Thus, depending  upon the dominance  of  a given  dosha in the cardac

Disorder, ultilization of the food items of various tastes  in the diet is  advised.

In modern terms, Ayurveda recognized that dietary factors influenced and sometimes precipitated heart diseases. A few  examples of  heart diseases where  one  of these doshas is  affected are.

Kaphaja heart  diseases- endocranial  fiber-elastosis,  cardiac  hypertrophy, pericardial  thickening , atherosclerosis  off  the  coronary  arteries.

Pitta  heart  disease- bacterial  endocarditis , myocarditis,  coronary  arteritis.

Vataja heart  diseases- valvular diseases, atrophic diseases, angina pectoris  due to  coronary  spasm .

The aetiology   of heart  disease   according  Ayurveda

1.     Causes  directly acting on the  heart;

2.     Causes affecting the basic elements.

3.     Heart disease as  a complication of other disease.

Causes directly acting on the heart

These include diet,  activity, sex alcohol, microorganisms, drugs and

Psychological   factors. These factors in turn , vitate doshas and  rasa

And give rise to heart  disease.

Disturbances of basic elements

Since these basic elements  (as discussed earlier) are important in structure, integrity and  function of the heart  when  disturbed lead to heart disease.

As a complication of other diseases

For example, anemia, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases diphtheria,

Rheumatic fever etc.

,

It is  indeed remarkable that over  five  thousand years ago the  manifestation of  heart diseases Their a etiology, their a etiology, their consequences and  remedial  measures were   so thoroughly expounded. Therapies for treatment of the acute and chronic

Phases as well as during convalescences are also detailed in their explanation.

Enumerated in these treatises are diseases such as Ischemic   Heart Disease coronary

Thrombosis, Angina pectoris, Rheumatic Heart Disease congenital Heart Disease, congestive cardiac failure and a host of others. The following are responsible for haridaya vyadhis :Gluttory

Broiling food;

Food i.e not easily digestible  Also the food having bitter and astringent properties;

Too much thinking Extreme physical walk; Injury to Heart;

Veganirodha  i.c  not emptying the bladder and bowels when it is needed;

The following examples of various measures advocated in I.H.D underscore the deep understanding of the disease processes and management.

Treatment  of Pain                      s

When it is of a severe, pricking, tearing, or splitting type and associated with tachycardia,

Then vataja Hrudashavia treatment is give agents like Arjuna, Bilva, Bala, panchmoola are used. These agents are vatashamak and are often combined with agents like Pushkarmoola,

Shakti etc. which cause relaxation of smooth muscles. The vehicle for these agents is usually decoction  of Yava or wine. Some analgesic like Ahiphen (crudeopium) bhang,erandamoola are used to relieve pain. If pain is associated with flatulence and belching, agents like asafetida, ginger, bidalavana, kachalavana are administered, If there is association of kaphaja element i.e.

Dull aching pain with bradycardia, then agents useful in kaphaja Hrudshalvia are added.

Diet

Juices of lemon, pomegranate,

Orange, sweet lime, amalaka are given . Coconut water, butter milk,

Mutton soup, rice kanji, old wines are advised.

Agents to maintain patency of vasculature:

Ksharas  of  Utpalavala Ambhoja ,   Priyangu, Glycerrhiza and Haritaki are mixed with honey and  ghee. They helpsss in dissolution of clots. Tamra bhasma has a cleansing action  on the heart  and its strata. Survarna bhasma is   administered subsequently as rasayna. Yavakshar, Saindhava,

Bibheetoka and Hritaki   can enter even the smallest channel and exert a lytic effect on Kapha molecules which  are obstructing the passage.

Management of convalescent phase

Agents capable of improving cardiac function and coronary perfusion are used (Rasayanas and Hrudaya medicines.) They include Arjuna, Bala Shatavan, patola, Dadima, Eranda, Abhrak etc. Some other agents like Hritaki, Bibheetaka are used in term management  because of their lytic effect on haphass molecules causing obstruction. Agents like patola,

Mimba, triphala, kutaja can digest local doshas in ischeamic areas, improve muscle function

And hasten recovery .

Management of Shock

Agents like Hamagrabha, Ananasuta, laxmivila guti, survarnasutashekhar etc., are ursful. Similary, for hypertension, C.C.F., atherosclerosis, oedema and other conditions numerous tested therapies are recommended. The importance tested therapies are recommended.

The importance of Yogic exercises in the relief of stress and rehabilitation of the patient are also explained in great details.

Apart from  the above,  Hrudroga has classified five groups viz., vatika , paittika , kaphaja, sannipatika, and signs, symptoms and treatment of each are as follows .

Vatika hrudroga (signs and symptoms) in Vatika hrudroga patient has ACUTE PAIN IN THE heart area: the pain is like that of cutting, chumming, or stretching. Other symptoms are palpitation, arrhythmia, heart and fainting. Treatment- simple preparation power if equal part of fruit rind of haritaki (cherubic myrobalag) and rhizome of vaca (sweet flag) - 1 gms. To be taken with 4 to 6 gms. Honey twice a day.

Power of equal part of fruit rind of haritaki (chebulic myrobalan) rhizome of vaca (sweetflag) root of rasana  (Indian groundsel ), sati (zedoary )and puskara (cosutus), fruit of pi((ali (long pepper ), and (zedoary) and puskara (cosutus), fruit of pippali (long pepper )and (zedoary)and pusker (cosutus)  ,fruit of pippali (long pepper )and aonthi (driend ginger ) 3 to 6 gms . to be taken with 100to 250 ml milk twice a day .

Power of equal if pippali (longpepper ),seed of ela ( cardamom) rhizome of (sweetflag), hingu (asafetida) fried in ghee,Yavaksara, Saindhava (rock- salt) sauvarcala lavana, sonthi (dried ginger) and fruit of ajmola (anise)-1 to 3gms to be taken.  With fruit juice of dadima or of Bijapurta (lemon ) or of Naranga (orange) or honey to make a paste twice a day.

Decoction of Dasmula-4 to 28 mls to be taken with 4 to 6gms honey twice a day .

Decoction of dasamula – 14 to 28 mls . To be taken with taila (gingerly oil )- 6 to 12 hms and lavana 1 gm twice a day.

Paittika Hrudroga-signs and symptoms

Felling of heaviness and fatigues in the heart, thirst burning sensation, sweating, dryness of mouth and finting are the symptoms of Paittika Hrudroga.

Treatment- single drug.

Powder bank of Arjuna- 3 to 6gms. To be taken with3 to 6 gms of guda (jaggerey) 50 mls water twice a day.

Powder of triphala- 1 to 3 gms to be taken with fruit juice of draksha (rasin or grape fruit) and parusaka (Asiatic grewia) and honey in equal weight- 14 to 28 mls. Twice a day.

Powder of fruit rind of haritaki (chebulic myrobalan) fried in eranda talla (castor oil ) to be taken in 1 to 43 gms. Dose with equal part of draksha (rasin or grape fruit), sarkara (raw sugar), fruit of parusaka (Asiatic grewia and honey twice a day.

Powder of equal part of root of Yastimadhu (glycyrrhiza) and rhizome of Katuki- 1 to 3 gms * bruised in 50 ml. Water to be taken with 5 to 10 gms. Sarkara twice  a day .

Dugdha Sidha with equal part of bark of Arjuna, Laghu Panchmula, roots of Bala (country mallow) and Yastimadhu(glycyrrhiza)- 100 to 250 mls. To be taken with 5 to 10 gms. Sarkara (raw sugar) twice a day.

Kaapheja Hrudroga – Signs and symptoms

Felling of seizure of the heart, heaviness in the body ; excessive secretion of phlegm, loss of appetite, sweet taste in the mouth are the symptoms of Kapheja Hrudroga.

Treatment- Simple preparations:

Powder of equal part of seed of Ela (cardamom)and root  of Pippali (long pepper)-3 to 6 gms to be taken with 5 to 6 gms ghee or 4 to 7 gms. Honey twice a day .

Powder of equal part of roots of Trivert * (turpeth), Sati (zedoary), Bala (country mallow), and Puskara (costus ), Sonthi (dried ginger), and  fruit rind of Haritaki (chebulic myrobalan)- 3 to 4 gms to be taken with 7 to 14 mls. Gomutara (cows` s urine) or 50 mls. War, water twice a day .

Sannipatika Hrudroga – Signs and symptoms

All the symptoms described in Vatika, Paittika and Kapheja types of Hrudroga are present in Sannipatika Hrudroga.

Treatments- Signle drugs

Powdered brk of Arjuna- 1 gm to be taken with 100 to 250 mls. Warm milk twice a day .

Powder Nagabala- 2 to 3 gms to be taken with 100 to 250 mls warm milk twice a day.

Krimija Hrudroga- signs and symptoms

Acute pain and itching in the heart area are the main symptoms of Krimija Hrudroga other symptoms are nausea, cardiac insufficiency, headache, loss of  appetite and oedema.

Treatment-Simple preparations:

Powder of fruit rind of Haritika (chebulic myrobalan) fried in Eranda Taila (castor oil) – 1 part and mixed with Saindhave lavana (rock salt)-1 part, fruit of sveta jriaka (cumia)- 1 part, to be taken in 2 to 6 gins .

Does with 5 to 10 gins. Sarkara(raw sugar) twice a day .

Powder of Vidanga-2 parts, root of Kustha (koot)-1 part of be taken in 2 to 4 gins. With Gomutra (cow` s urine) twice a day.

Kalka of seed of Kapikacchu (cowage), roots of * Rasabhaka, Meda, Jevanti, Satavari (wild asparagus) and * Ruddhi, fruit of Draksha (rasin or grape fruit), whole plant of  Mundi, and Mrunala (lotus stem) 6 to 12 gins. Boiled with milk to be taken with 50 mls. Warm water or 100 to 250 mls. Milk twice a day.s

Compound preparation s:

(for all types of hrudroga)

Vardhamana  Pippali: it is to be taken  under the guidance of a specialist.

Dasmula kvatha: 14 to 28 mls. To be taken  twice a day .

Punarvavastaka kvatha:

14 to 28 mls. To be taken  twice a day . It is useful  to  reduce  the odeama.

Ajamodadi  Vati : 1 to 2 vati to be taken  with 4 to 6 gms honey twice a day it is useful for  dyspnoea due to Hrudroga. Arogyavardhini vati: 1 to 2 vati  to be taken  with 50 mls. Water twice a day . It is  useful  to reduce  oedema.

Javahar Hohara  Rasa: 120 to 250 gms . To be taken with  4 to 6 gms honey twice a day.

Brihat- Vata- Chintamani Rasa: 60 to 120 mgs. To be taken with 4 to 6 gms. Honey twice a day. Ayur Veda and All

A good health means a state of well- being –a vital physical condition witch includes not merely bodily well – being, but also mental fitness it is a state of complete physical , condition and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity .

The term health means the physical condition. In a wider perspective, health is understood to be the general state of body and mind.

A good health means a state of well – being – a vital physical condition which include not merely bodily well – being, but also mental fitness. It is a state of complete physical, mental condition and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

It is the efficiency of the body to perform to its best capacity, the required activities; as well as the efficacy of the mental disposition to maintain the balance of mind, effective in performing the physical activities as well as maintaining the positive, healthy attitude and easy living.

Attaining good health may not be too easy because the human body is not as strong and trouble-free as it may appear. The erodible, mortal physical body undergoes many strains of Environment like the cycles of atmosphere, changes of weather, etc; and the dedicate mind which resides within this mortal physical body suffers diverse stresses of ever-changing situations, milieus and other affecting tantrums of relationships and interactions…

Needless to say, that, the physical well- being and mental balance go proportionate to each other and the shape of each at a given particular moment has a direct effect on the other.

Given these facts , it is easy to comprehend that good health is not a set state of metabolic efficiency – it involves a perpetual adapting to the surroundings – be it atmospheric , physical, social mental or emotional.

This demands perpetual physical as well as mental balancing- and it should be insisted that this balancing is a constant activity-involving the upholding of the body to maintain the best of capacities; as well as involving the perpetuation of the mental set-up to sustain the balance.

Maintaining good health is, therefore, a constant struggle- both physically and psychologically. Those who succeed in this struggle end up as being or feeling “healthy” and those who get caught in imbalances become “unhealthy “or “sick”.

This connotes that no one is ever in the complete state of perfect health or complete sickness. The one who would be completely healthy would be above the concept of the ‘mortal’ body, constantly diminishing and regenerating-and one who would be completely sick-and-would die.

The beauty of traditional arts of medicines, like Ayurveda, homeopathy, naturopathy lies in the fact that they are all based on the attempt to attain and maintain the balance of the body and of mind; as well as that of body and mind which are inevitably intertwined together. They attempt to remove the DOSHA or deficiencies from the body by attempting to bring to a required balance, the basic elements like fire, earth, air…etc.

The amazing fact about allopathic medicine also exist in the fact that its basic healing process is based not in succumbing the disease, but in triggering production of elements like, for example, antibiotics etc which eat into the disease. They rely on the fact that body of any living organism bears a self-healing capacity and is capable of rebuilding the lost elements naturally over the time. The allopathic medicines which function as just mentioned either shorten this time period of recovery by triggering the production of required elements in the body, or on other hand, succumb the pain (example painkillers), communicating a no-pain message to the brain and thus giving ample time to the body to recover on its own, at its own pace. Allopathy, actually, very seriously espouses the “feel good” factor giving body the required ‘time’ to self build and self repair-as body has a natural capacity to do so.

Note while the English word “health” comes from the old English word hale, meaning “wholeness, a being whole, sound or well,” in Hindi the word health the word SWASTHYA connotes the same in more explicit terms: swa means “self” ; Sthya means “balancing”. All living organisms enjoys a self balancing capacity, given a chance and space.

The clue to good health, essentially, often lies in sending the feel good message to the brain consciously by self suggestion, meditation, and mind balancing exercises and by appropriating to the body type, the life style, preferences, as well as, the type and quantity of food intake. On occurrence of disease, the passing of this message may have to depend on sub-conscious or secondary factors like medicines-traditional medicines which rely on prescription pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics, tranquilizers, vaccines, and alternative medicines or complementary medicines/or on alternative medicines which include over-the-counter pharmaceutical, such as vitamins, minerals, herbs, and enzymes or on complementary medicines which include both prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals etc.

The fact to be highlighted is that the “good health” is an organized effort- and not a natural gift. It requires and demands a constant management of our choices, life style, habits, daily routines, food, etc while synchronizing thought and action.

It involves prevention of potential diseases. It also involves management of the disease which may already have occurred counting on palliative interventions by the self, the family or the professional.

Health protects those who protect it. Those who destroy it get destroyed. Therefore, health should be maintained and not be ignored to the extent that it destroys- so that we may not be destroyed as a consequence there of………..

The point is to live, not the life, but the total potential of life-and-that is health, good health.

Hysteria is an extremely complex mental phenomenon witch may take varying forms. In certain types the disorder may result from some situation to witch one is unable to adapt oneself such as marriage, engagement, position of responsibility, the death of relations or loss love. Factors involving the sexual life in some way are frequently present. This article gives Ayurvedic view of hysteria with its management.

Hysteria is an obsolete medical term that is still used colloquially to refer to a state of extreme fear or emotion and the resultant irrational behavior. The term was originally employed to describe woman who acted irrationally due to a supposed disturbance of the uterus. In 1980, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) replaced the diagnosis “hysterical neurosis, conversion type” with “conversion disorder.”

Hysteria is a mental and nervous disorder arising from intense anxiety. It is characterized by a lack of control over acts and emotion and by sudden conclusive seizures and emotional outbursts. Hysteria often results from repressed mental conflict.

Hysteria appears in both sexes, but is far more common in young woman of the age group between 14 and 25 years because of their natural sensitivity. In many cases Hysteria tends to occur around the period of adolescence and becomes less frequent after the age of 25. It is uncommon after the age of forty- five years.

Hysteria, in its colloquial use, describes a state of mind, one of unmanageable fear or emotional excesses. The fear is often caused by multiple events in one’s past that involved some sort of severe conflict; the fear can be centered on a body part or most commonly on an imagined problem with that body part (disease is a common complaint. And see also Body dysmorphic disorder and Hypochondriasis. People who are “hysterical” often lose self control due to the overwhelming fear.

Psychiatrists and other physicians have a in theory given up the use of “hysteria”, replacing it with more euphemistic terms that are essentially synonyms. These include “psychosomatic”, “functional”, “nonorganic”, “psychogenic”, and “medically unexplained”. In1980 the American Psychiatric Association officially changed the diagnosis of “hysterical neurosis, conversion type” to “conversion disorder”. Hysteria also has significant overlap with the diagnostion term summarization disorder and with summarization disorder and with somatoform disorders in general.

The word hysteria is derived from the Greek for “uterus”. According to ancient medical thought, women who refrained from sexual intercourse for a prolonged period suffered from mental disturbance as a result of the uterus retreating into the body and compressing the other organs. This theory was revived in 19th century medicine and again in the 1920s through the influence of Freud’s psychological theories. Induced orgasm was used as treatment for supposedly hysterical women. The notion of so-called female hysteria has since been discredited.

In modern psychological thought, there are two types of hysteria: somatoform and dissociative. Somatoform hysteria is characterized by physical, or psychosomatic, symptoms. One example is conversion disorder, in which neurological symptoms such as paralysis pain, and fits are present with no neurological cause. Other examples include body dysmorphic disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome, and hypochondria. Patients with somatoform hysteria are not faking their illnesses; rather, the symtoms have a psychological, or inorganic, cause instead of a biological one.

Dissociative hysteria is characterized by a fugue state, otherwise known as amnesia, in which the patient experiences a loss of identity to some degree. Memory loss and changes in personality are common symtoms. Like somatoform hysteria, a fugue state is not intentional evasion, but rather an actual loss of recall due to psychological stress or trauma.

Current psychiatric theory holds that hysteria is the body’s attempt to deal with psychological distress. There may be a benefit to the patient, such as avoidance of whatever is causing the distress; i.e. one becomes too sick to continue working at a stressful job or living on one’s own. Sometimes, however there is no apparent benefit; for example, a person experiencing symptoms of poisoning out of the mistaken belief that he or she has been poisoned.

Freudian psychoanalytic theory attributed hysterical symptoms to the subconscious mind’s attempt to protect the patient from psychic stress. Subconscious motives include primary gain, in which the symptom directly relieves the stress (as when a patient coughs to release energy pent up from keeping a secret),and secondary gain, in which the symptom provides an independent advantage such as staying home from a hated job. More recent critics have noted the possibility of tertiary gain, when a patient is induced subconsciously to display a symptom because of the desires of other (as when a controlling husband enjoys the docility of his sick wife). There need be no gain at all, however, in a hysterical symptom. A child playing hockey may fall and for several hours believe he is unable to move, because he has recently heard of a famous hockey player who fell and broke his neck.

Jungian psychologist Laurie Layton Schapira explored what she labels a “ Cassandra Complex” suffered by those traditionally diagnosed with hysteria, denoting a tendency for those with hysteria to be disbelieved or dismissed when relating the facticity of their experiences to others. [Laurie Layton Schapira, The Cassandra Complex: Living With Disbelief: A Modern Perspective on Hysteria (1988)] Based on clinical experience, she delineates three factors which constitute the Cassandra complex in hysterics: (a). dysfunctional relationships with social manifestations of rationality, order, and reason, leading to; (b). emotional or physical suffering, particularly in the form of somatic, often gynecological complaints, and (c). being “disbelieved” or dismissed when attempting to relate the facticity of these experiences to others.

Symptom of Hysteria

A wide range of symptom of Hysteria are regarded as hysterical The onset of hysterical attacks may be sudden, provoked especially by strong feelings or may be heralded over a period of several hours by periodontal features. The main symptoms of Hysteria include-

· Inappropriate elation or sadness,

· Crying without cause,

· Almost conclusive laughter,

· Deep signing, cramps in the limbs,

· Mild rumblings in the belly and sense of constriction in the throat.

The symptoms of hysteria are of two degrees. In the first degree, the patient may feel heaviness in the limbs, more severe cramps, strong feeling of ascending abdominal constriction, continual sighing’s, difficulty in breathing, constriction in the chest, palpitations, feeling of a foreign body lodged in the throat, swelling of the neck and of the jugular veins, suffocation, headache, clenched teeth, generalized and voluntary tensing of muscles of locomotion. The patient remains conscious during paroxysms. The convulsions are usually milder and occur more often during the bending and extending of limbs.

In the second degree, additional symptoms, besides the preceding once, are noticeable and these may include wild and painful cries, incomplete loss of consciousness, enormously swollen neck, violent and tumultuous heart beats, involuntary locomotor muscle contraction, frightening generalized convulsions, violent movement and frequent spitting. Sometimes the patient jumps about on his or her bed and at other times adopt almost titanic postures. The attack may last several hours. There may be prompt return of consciousness immediately after the convulsions.

The psychical symptoms include a weakness of the will, a caving for love and sympathy and a tendency to emotional instability. Hysterical people tend to react too readily to suggestion and through this suggestibility they are swayed greatly by their surroundings. The morbid exaggerated moods lead to impulsive conduct which may often seem irrational. Such people are liable to be much misunderstood and misjudged. At times there may be much absent-mindedness and loss of memory about events or for definite periods. If this mental dissociation is severe, one may develop hysterical wandering attacks, a state of double consciousness or dual personality.

Hysterical trances may last for days or weeks. Here the patient seems to be in a deep sleep, but the muscles are not usually relaxed. In the most severe instance of this, the heart’s action and breathing may be scarcely apparent that death may be suspected and the person buried alive. Somnambulism or sleep walking and catalepsy, where limbs remain in any position in which they are placed, are other hysterical states.

Causes of Hysteria>/h3>

The most common causes of hysteria are sexual excess or sexual repression, perverted habits of thought and idleness. Heredity plays an important part in its causation. A nervous family, taint and faulty emotional training, when young, are predisposing causes of hysteria. The emotional shocks may have been caused by mental or physical factors such as mental strain, strees, fear, worry, depression, traumatism, masturbation and prolonged sickness.

Hysteria is an extremely complex mental phenomenon which may take varying forms. In certain types the disorder may result from some situation to which one is unable to adapt oneself such as marriage, engagement, position of responsibility, the death of relations or loss of love. Factors involving the sexual life in some way are frequently present.

A number of studies have indicated a possible connection betweenily sterical symptoms and organic brain disease. A patient with epilepsy has often been found to get hysterical attacks. Drug intoxication is another organic brain disease closely associated with hysteria.

Causes & Symptom

Women are generally the victims of this disorder which occurs in the young age, particularly to those who cannot satiate their sex hunger but the symptoms disappear soon after marriage in most of the cases. It has no relation to sex disorders, rather mental disturbance is a predominating cause. There is no froth at the month (as in epilepsy), the patient falls to the ground without shrieking sound, and slips into coma rather gradually. If there is no unconsciousness, the patient wails.

Corrective and Preventive measure

· Remove the cause of constipation.

· Flatulence, indigestion should be prevented by taking lemon juice, cumin, black salt, fried asafetida (Heeng).

· Attend to menstrual complaints, if any.

· Remove cause of mental tension and agony.

· Avoid reading (viewing) listening to such books, magazines, movies, audio cassettes or playing records which ignite libido.

· Take only nutritious and balanced diet but avoid such foods as cause constipation, or loose motions, flatulence, dyspepsia.

· Take Shankhpushpi, Brahmi, Muktapishti, Suvama Bhasma, Makardwaj or praval Pishti etc to support and sustain action of heart, after consulting your doctor.

· During the attack drop onion juice (2-3 drops) in each nostril/ inhale camphor, naushadar and lime mixed compound: splash cold water on the face or massage ghee over forehead.

· Use onion, garlic, asafoetide, black salt, balvach, lemon etc as essential ingredients with food.

· Use balvach or Brahmi, or still better vrihat vata Chintaniani Ras as per your physician’s advice.

· Marjara Kasturi 100mg per dose may be taken with unequal quantity of ghee and honey or extract Guice) of brahmi leaves. These may be given with either of the said vehicles.

No medician can prove effective unless the underlying cause has been singled out. Take the patient into confidence, reassure her of quick recovery, build up confidence, provide congenial and healthy environs.

Muscle strain is really painful and it can happen to anyone irrespective of age and gender. Any injury to elbows, knees, wrists, ankle leads to muscle sprains. The muscle get swelling and it causes pain. It can also happen due to inflammation of muscles. Many times the pain in the muscles can happen due to broken bones. In this case only a physician can provide cure for it. But the other types of muscle sprains can be easily cured with home remedies for muscle sprain

Muscle strain or muscle pull or even a muscle tear implies damage to a muscle or its attaching tendons. You can put, undue pressure on muscles during the course of normal daily activities, with sudden, quick heavy lifting, during sports, or while performing work tasks.

Muscle damage can be in the form of tearing (part of all) of the muscle fibers and the tendons attached to the muscle. The tearing of the muscle can also damage small blood vessels, causing local bleeding (bruising) and pain (caused by irritation of the nerve ending in the area).

Muscle Strain Symptoms

· Swelling , bruising or redness, or open cuts as a consequence of the injury

· Pain at rest

· Pain when the specific muscle or the joint in relation to that muscle is used

· Weakness of the muscle or tendons (A sprain, in contrast, is an injury to a joint and its ligaments.)

· Inability to use the muscle at all

When to Seek Medical Care

If you have a significant muscle injury (or if the home care method bring no relief in 24 hours), call your doctor.

If you hear a “popping” sound with the injury, cannot walk, or there is significant swelling, pain, fever, or open cuts, you should be examined in a hospital’s emergency department.

Exams and Tests

The doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical exam. On exam, it is important to establish whether the muscle is partially or completely torn (which can involve much longer healing, possible surgery and a more complicated recovery).

X-rays or laboratory tests are often not necessary, unless there was a history of trauma or evidence of infection.

The amount of swelling or local bleeding into the muscle (from torn blood vessels) can best be managed early by applying ice packs and maintaining the strained muscle in a stretched position. Heat can be applied when the swelling has lessened.

However, the early application of heat can increase swelling and pain.

Note: Ice or heat should not be applied to bare skin. Always use a protective covering such as a towel between the ice or heat and the skin.

· Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents such as aspirin and ibuprofen to reduce the pain and to improve your ability to move around.

· Protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation (known as the PRICE formula) can help the affected muscle. Here’s how: First, remove all constrictive clothing, including jewelry, in the area of muscle strain.

· Protect the strained muscle from further injury.

· Rest the strained muscle. Avoid the activities that caused the strain and other activities that are painful.

· Ice the muscle area (20 minutes every hour while awake). Ice is a very effective anti- inflammatory and pain- relieving agent. Small ice packs, such as packages of frozen vegetables or water frozen in foam coffee cups, applied to the area may help decrease inflammation.

· Compression can be a gently applied with an Ace or other elastic bandage, which can provide both support and decrease swelling. Do not wrap tightly.

· Elevate the injured area to decrease swelling. Prop up a strained leg muscle while sitting, for example.

· Activities that increase muscle pain or work the affected body part are not recommended until the pain has significantly gone away.

Medical Treatment

Treatment is similar to the treatment at home. The doctor, however, also can determine the extant of muscle and tendon injury and if crutches or a brace is necessary for healing. The doctor can also determine if you need to restrict your activity, take days off work, and if rehabilitation exercises are required to help you recover.

Next Steps

· Prevention

· Avoid injury by daily stretching.

· Stretch every time before you exercise.

· Establish a warm-up routine prior to engaging in strenuous exercise.

· Start an exercise program in consultation with your doctor.

Home remedies

Muscle strain is really painful and it can happen to anyone irrespective of age and gender. Any injury to elbows, knees, wrists, ankle leads to muscle sprains. The muscles get swelling and it causes pain. It can also happen due to inflammation of muscles. Many times the pain in the muscles can happen due to broken bones. In this case only a physician can provide cure for it. But the other types of muscle sprains can be easily cured with home remedies for muscle sprain.

1. Apply ice cubes over the paining muscles, as this will make the muscle numb and give relief from pain. Place some ice cubes in one cloth and tie the cloth. Apply this cloth over the affected body muscle and get relief form the swelling and the pain.

2. If you think that rather than taking this cold treatment heat treatment will be much better for getting relief then you can apply hot water over the paining muscle. Add some Epsom salt into water and boil the water so as to make it enough hot. After the water is enough hot to touch, soak the affected muscle part of your body in this water and keep it there for ten to fifteen minutes. After this wipe the muscles with towel and put bandage over it.

3. The healing of the muscle sprain will take different time for different people. Hence don’t get disheartened in case you are not getting any relief. Give proper rest to the muscles that are paining. Change your schedule for some time in consideration with your muscle sprain.

4. Try not to put any weight on the paining muscle, as this will cause further damages to the muscles. You will need to take care of your aching body and it is better to take leave from your work for few days.

5. It is better to wrap the affected area with bandage or else the swelling will increase. If you will tie the paining muscle then the swelling wont be much.

6. Try to stretch the aching muscle so that the blood circulation will be proper in the affected area.

7. Your food should be rich source of calcium and potassium, as these two are needed for having strong bones, joints and muscles.

8. Applying clove oil over the affected muscles will also relieve the pain and help in speedy recovery. Make the clove oil hot and then allow it to cool down for some time and then apply it over the paining muscles.

9. Applying garlic oil over the inflammatory muscles will give relief form the inflammation, as garlic has anti-inflammatory properties. Garlic oil is also an important remedy for treating arthritis and rheumatism.

10. Applying sesame oil over the spraining muscle is also one of the very effective home remedies for muscle strain. Add one teaspoon of pepper powder in sesame oil and heat the oil for some time and apply it on the affected part.

11. A tablespoon of pepper powder fried in sesame oil until it is charred can be applied as an analgesic liniment for muscle strain.

Herbal Remedies

The use of herbs is a time-honored approach to strengthening the body and treating disease. The following have been used traditionally to treat muscle strain:

Shallaki also known as boswellia (Boswellia serrata): In clinical trial, promising results were observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, chronic colitis, Crohn’s disease. Researchers found that standardized Boswellia extract significantly reduced swelling and pain and usually reduced morning stiffness for people with rheumatoid arthritis. Also known as boswellia, this herb is native to India, used for centuries by Ayurvedic physicians in arthritis herbal remedies. It has well proven anti-inflammatory and pain- relieving effects through the inhibition of inflammatory-causing substances, speeding up of cartilage formation, and improved blood supply to the joints.

Ashwagandha (Withania somniferum) is an Asian plant of the potato family. Its roots have long been used to treat “rheumatism,” high blood pressure, immune dysfunctions, erection problems and also to ease inflammation. Because of all this, it’s sometimes called the “Indian ginseng.”

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Research suggests ginger root inhibits production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which are involved in pain and inflammation. In an uncontrolled 1992 Danish study, 56 patients who had either RA, OA or muscular discomfort took powdered ginger. All of those with OA or RA reported varying degrees of pain relief and no side effects, even among those who took the ginger for more than two years.

Epsom Salt (magnesium sulfate): Magnesium has both anti- inflammatory and anti- arthritic properties and it can be absorbed through the skin. Magnesium is one of the most important of the essential minerals in the body, and it is commonly deficient in the American diet. A New England remedy for arthritis is a hot bath of Epsom salts. The heat of the bath can increase circulation and reduce the swelling of arthritis.

Dosage and Directions: Fill a bathtub with water as hot as you can stand. Add 2 cups of Epsom salts. Bathe for thirty minutes, adding hot water as necessary to keep the temperature warm. Do this daily as often as you’d like.

The presence of the above signs indicates Good Health - and their absence, poor health. As can be seen, Ayurveda is very much a people’s science - it is not a secretive knowledge known only to the practicing physicians. It is meant to be known to all for application in day-to-day life for the maintenance of  good health. It is a complete way of life propounded specifically for the upliftment of mankind. It must be remembered that no other healing system starts with a chapter on advice for a Healthy and long life span.

(A) The Place For Labour.
(B) Management During Delivery.

This Preparation Can Betterbe Done With Narration Of Own Experiences By Compassionate……soft Natured Woman Already Having Delivered Children.

(A) The Place For Labour

The Place For Confinement Should Be Selected Much Before The Onset Of Labour; The Room Should Be Airy But Not Having Direct Entry Of Air, Clean With Good Entry Of Sun Rays. This Room Should Be Cleaned, Unnecessary Items Removed And Then Fumigated With Guggulu, Ajawain, Sarsapa (Mustard) And Dry Leaves Of Nimba (Neem) The Fumigation Should Be Done Daily Till The Delivery Period. The Entry Of Individuals Should Be Confined To Essential Persons Only. A Closet Should Either Be Attached Or Be Very Close To This Room. This Needed Articles I.E. Bed, Sheets, Mattress, Cloth, Antiseptic Solutions Etc. Should Be Stored In Advance.

(B) Management During Delivery

After Starting Of Labour Pains, She Should Be Given Soap Water Enema And Liquid, Hot Drinks Repeatedly. She Should Be Encouraged For Slow Walking. When The Labour Pains Become Strong And Mucus, Blood Stained Discharges Then Liquoramni (Fetal Water ) Comes Out, There Occurs Catching Pain In Lower Abdomen And The Woman Feels Pressure As If To Pass The Stool, She Should Be Made To Sleep Over A Comfortable Bed. Now The Attendant Whose Finger Nails Are Trimed Should Wash Her Hands With Hot Water, Then Either With The Decoction Of Neem Leaves And Antiseptic Lotion, Instruct The Delivering Woman To Bear Down(Withholding The Breath, Pressure As If Forcibly Passing The Stool),Gently Massage Buttocks, Thighs, Lower Abdomen With Tepid Bala Oil Or Oil Of Tila Or Mustard. Dilation Of Anus(Passage Of Stool) Indicates That The Fetus Has Discended Well, And Now Delivering Woman Should Be Encouraged To Bear Down Forcefully, Now The Oil Should Be Applied Gently In Vulva And Vagina Also.When The Head Of Fetus Becomes Visible, The Perineum(The Part Between Passage Of Fetus And Stool) Should Be Protected With Soft, Clean, Boiled Cloth, The Delivery Of The Child Should Be Permitted To Complete By Itself.Immediately After Delivery The Mouth And Throat Of A Child Should Be Cleaned With Very Soft Cloth Dipped In Powdered Rock Salt Mixed With Ghrita. The Umbilical Cord(Nadi) Should Be Tied Either With Boiled Thick Cotton Thread Or Rubber Band About 2” Away From Umbilicus, Another Ligature  Should Also Be Given And The Umbilical Cord Cut With Sharp Blade Already Boiled Or Kept In In Spirit. If The Child Is Crying Normally And There Is No Other Abnormality, Then He Should Be Made To Sleep Over The Abdomen Of The Mother, This Provides Warmth To The Child, Helps In Expulsion Of Placenta, Prevents Excessive Haemorrhage After Delivery (Pph) And Milk Secretion Also Appears Earlier. Another Attendant Should Handle The Child.

After Delivery Of A Child The Placenta Comes Out Automatically Within 10 To 20 Minutes. It Should Not Be Pulled Or Removed By Inserting The Hand, As Some Time It May Lead To Very Serious Complication. After Expulsion Of Placenta, Sudden Gush Of Blood Comes Out ,Which Should Be Cleaned And A Thick Pad Of Boiled, Clean Cloth Be Applied, If There Is Ulceration Of Vagina Some Antiseptic Ointment, Or A Tampon Soaked With Wine Should Be Applied. In The Whole Process Of Labour Special Attention Should Be Paid To Cleanliness. Now The Woman Should Be Given Tepid Jaggery Water Or Any Other Hot Drink, Consoled Then Massage With Bala Or Any Other Traditionally Used Oil Followed By Sudation (Covering Whole Body With Blanket Etc.) Should Be Given. At The Door Of The Room Of This Woman The Water Boiling With Ajawain Should Be Maintained Over Fire, And Any One Entering The Room Should Clean The Extremeties With This Water Making It Tepid.

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(A) General Management Of Delivered Woman.
(B) Treatment Of Pain After Delivery.
(C) Breast Feeding.
(D) Contraception.

Thus Few Experts Consider The Reappearance Of Menstruation As…..  Puerperal Periods. During This Period For First Five-Six Days Special Management Is Needed.

(A) General Management Of Delivered Woman

Massage Of Whole Body Except Abdomen With Bala Oil Or Any Other Oil Used Traditionally Followed By Bath With Tepid Water Already Cooked With Either Leaves Of Kapittha (Kaitha Or Sour Wood Apple) Or Nimbu Or Water Boiled Then Added With Powder Of Elaichi, Tejapatra (Cassia Leaves) And Dalchini(Cinnamon); The Water Of Neem Leaves (Most Common) Is Best. The Generative Organs Should Specifically Be Cleaned. She Should Always Wear Cleaned, Boiled Then Dried Clothes. Tepid Jaggery Water Added With 2gms Powder Of Panchakola(Pippali, Pippalimula, Cavya, Citraka And Shunti I.E. Dried Ginger All In Equal Quantity); Light, Easily Digestible Food Added With Fat Should Be Given. This Management Should Be Continued For Five-Six Days Followed By Gradual Adoption Of Normal Diet. The Diet Should Be Nourishing, Easily Digestible, Hot Added With Fat.

The Child Is Nourished By Mother`s Milk, Which Is Possible Only When The Proper Health Of A Mother Is Maintained. The Mother, Feeding Her Child Should Take In Addition To The  Diet Prescribed During Pregnancy About 50gm Each Wheat And Rice, 10gm Groundnut Seeds, Yellow Ripe Fruits And One Glass Milk.

For One  Month Following Delivery Decoction Of Dashamula 10ml Twice, Milk Boiled With Shatawari, Pasted Turmeric, Dry Ginger, Ajawain, Makhana(Parched Lotus Seeds) And Kishamish (Currants) Cooked With Jaggery Should Be Given.

(B) Treatment Of Pain After Delivery

Ten Ml Of Dashamula Decoction Added With Powdered Panchakola 2gm Of Yavakshara, 1gm Twice Or Thrice Should Be Given. Hot
Water Bottle Fomentation Also Gives Relief.

(C) Breast Feeding

Few Hours After Delivery The Woman Can Feed Her Child. Once The Milk Has Appeared In Breasts, The Woman Should Clean Her Nipples, Sit, Hold The Child In Her Lap, Support The Head Of The Child Is Slightly Raised Position And Feed. If The Quantity Of Milk Is Less Then In Empty Stomach One Gm Powder Of Jeera (Cumin Seed) Followed By Milk Boiled With Shatawari Be Taken.
In Diet Good Quantity Of Pulses And Milk With Plenty Of Liquid Substances Should Be Taken.

Sometimes The Lactating Mother Develops Crack Nipple, Which Is Very Painful, Further Feeding Increases This Crack, Even Then She Should Not Stop Breast Feeding, Because Collected Milk Produce Pain, Swelling Or Even Abscess, Quantity Of Milk Also May
Reduce. She Should Feed The Child After Fitting A Nipple Shield Which Is Available In The Market. After Feeding, The Shield Should Be Removed And Butter Applied Repeatedly, Butter Should Also Be Used In Diet.

In The Following Conditions The Woman Should Not Feed Her Child

• In Case Of Swelling, Abscess Or Any Other Disease Of Breasts.
• If The Mother Is Too Weak Or Is Suffering From Some Communicable Disease.
• If She Is Suffering From Madness Or Any Other Similar Ailment.

(D) Contraception

Under No Circumstances The Gap Between Two Pregnancies Should Be Used

• Celibacy.
• Condom By Husband.
• Pippali Vidangadi Tablets Or Any Other Oral Contraceptive By The Woman With Permission Of Physician.
• Intrauterine Device (Iud).
• Once Family Is Complete Vasectomy (Of Male) Or Tubectony/lap Ligation (Of Female) Or Use Of Vandhyawari By Female.

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(A) General Management

After Separating The Child From Mother His Mouth And Throat Should Be Cleaned With Soft Cloth Dipped In Ghrita And Powdered Rock Salt And The Child Should Be Encouraged To Cry, If Needed Hot And Cold Water Can Be Sprinkled Alternately, The Cry Establishes The Respiration. Now The White Material (Vernix Caseosa) Adhered Over His Body Should Be Removed With Soft Cloth After Applying Bala Or Any Other Traditionally Used Oil And Bath Be Given With Tepid Water Boiled With Aromatic Drugs Or Atleast Tejapatra Or Neem Leaves.

The Umbilical Cord Should Be Cleaned Daily With Spirit, Followed By Dusting Of Powdered Mudhuyashti. The Oil Tampon Should Be Placed Over Brahmarandhra (Bregma). First Feed Of Ghrita And Honey Both ¼ Teaspoonful Mixed Together Should Be Given. Two Lines Of About 1” Length Should Be Drawn Over Smooth Clean Stone Of About 6” Diameter By Gold Rod, These Lines Should Be Washed With One Teaspoonful Water And This Water Should Be Given To The Child. Few Hours After Delivery The Mother Should Start Her Breast Feeding, And Give It With The Interval Of 2-3 Hours As Per Need. For First 2-3 Days Mother’s Milk Is Not Sufficient For The Child, During This Period The Boiled Cow Milk Without Adding Water Should Be Given. The Notion That Child Can Not Digest Full Cow Milk Is Wrong.

(B) Ghutti (Special Oral Medicine)

After One Month To One Year Of Age The Child Should Regularly Be Given Following Recipe-

One Or Two Lines Of The Drugs Given Hereunder With Gentle Pressure Over Entire Circumference Of A Round Smooth, Flat Clean Stone Plate Of About 6” Diameter Should Be Drawn-

Rhizome Of Turmeric Once
Dried Ginger Twice
Small Haritaki (Harad) Once
Big Haritaki Once
Grate (Chhuhara)twice
Jaiphala (Nutmeg) Once

The Material Should Be Collected And Given To The Child With Mother’s Milk Twice. In Case Of Mild Diarrhea Or Cold The Nutmeg Should Also Be Rubbed Twice. In Case Of Constipation Two Or Three Kishamish Or One Draksha Should Be Added.

(C) Treatment Of Diarrhea And Cold With Cough

Diarrhoea And Cold With Cough Are One Of The Commonest Ailments Of Child, For Which Following Treatment Should Be Given, If No Relief Then Physician Should Immediately Be Consulted.

In Case Of Diarrhea Before Six Month Of Age, One Litter Water Added With Four Teaspoonful Sugar, 1/8 Spoonful Salt, Two Teaspoonful Powdered Shatapushpa (Aniseed) Then Boiled, Filtered And Mixed With 1/8 Teaspoonful Sodabicarb And ½ Lemon, Should Be Given Repeatedly.

After The Age Of 5-6 Month Scum Of Boiled Rice Or Parched Paddy Added With Sugar And Little Salt Should Be Given. Breast Feeding Or Milk Should Not Be Stopped.

For Cold And Cough Juice Of 5-6 Tulasi Leaves, One Betal Leaf And Little Ginger Should Be Heated Slightly, Mixed With Honey Should Be Given Twice Or Thrice.

(D) Feeding Of Fruits And Cereals

After Four Months Orange Juice And Ripe Banana And Sixth Month Onwards Cereals Should Be Added. Mother’s Milk Should Be Continued As Long As Possible (Even Upto Two Years).

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By The Age Of Three Months Normal Healthy Child Is Able To Hold His Head, Recognizes His Mother And Reacts With Smile. The Child Should Be Taken First Of All To Any Temple Or Abode Of God In This Month.

A Child Of Six Months Can Sit With Support, Carries Every Thing To His Mouth. Teeth Start Erupting; Child Speaks ‘Pa’ ‘Ba’ Etc. Words.

By Seventh Or Eighth Month The Child Starts Crawling, By 10-12 Months Stands And By 13-18 Months Attempts To Climb One Stair And Also Attempts To Speak Sentence Of 2-4 Words.
With All These His Physical And Psychological Growth And Development Should Be Assessed.
Within One Month Of Birth Bcg And Other Schedule Immunization Should Be Given To The Child Either In Hospital Or Health Centre.

To Increase General/nonspecific Immunity Powder Of Four Balas (Bala, Atibala, Mahabala, Nagabala) ½ -1 Teaspoonful Twice Should Be Given From 6 Months To Five Years Of Age.

In This Very Age Jyotishmati Oil 1-2 Drops Or Powder Of Brahmi ¼ -1 Gm Twice Daily Should Be Given To Increase Memory, Intellect, Understanding And Patience Etc.

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